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(LUSAKATIMES) Secession Talk: New Year 2011 Message to Peace Loving Zambians

Secession Talk: New Year 2011 Message to Peace Loving Zambians
By Mwizenge S. Tembo, Ph. D.
Tuesday, January 4, 2011, 15:02

There are disagreements and small demonstrations in Mongu about the Barotse Agreement of 1964. Suddenly after 46 years of independence, under the motto “One Zambia and One Nation” and peace that is the envy of many nations, there is a threat of anarchy and disintegration of our nation. There are groups, internet web pages and blogs that have mushroomed championing secession or what some of them call “self-determination of the Malozi”. I want to express my views which I hope represent those of millions of Zambians that love the freedom and tranquility we have enjoyed since 1964.

There is a tendency for some politicians, some Zambian intellectuals, and those who are disaffected today to dismiss all those years from 1964 to 1991 as years of the “terrible Kaunda UNIP One-Party dictatorship”. What I am urging all my fellow citizens, who are 36 to 50 years old, who grew up in Zambia between 1964 and 1984 to be intellectually honest and realistic. We should criticize President Kaunda or UNIP and the One- Party State, but let’s also have some balanced judgments and reflections of the period. The 60% of our Zambian population that was born in 1985 have no idea what happened from 1964 to 1991. As a result many of them are vulnerable to exaggerations, speculations, wild guesses, myths, and becoming victims of historical revisionism and politically motivated distortions of what happened.

At Independence in 1964, the first 40 year old young President Kaunda of the young independent Zambia had in his cabinet: Ruben Kamanga, Simon Kapwepwe, Mainza Chona, Arthur Wina, Sikota Wina, Justin Chimba, Simon Kalulu, Peter Matoka, Elijah Mudenda, Nalumino Mundia, John Mwanakatwe, Grey Zulu, Lewis Changufu, and Nathy Nyalugwe. The men and women who are the founders of our nation had just gone through over ten years of the struggle for independence. Their first crucial job was to develop and unite this new Zambia that had 72 separate tribes. The vast majority of Zambians including even our leaders had known only their tribes, chiefs, kingdoms, and perhaps headmen in rural villages in separate regions of Zambia.

Zambians should know that nation building is very difficult and messy. The leaders built new roads, hospitals, political administrative systems, clinics, University of Zambia, hundreds of schools, teachers had to be trained, provided free education for all Zambians, and they adopted the national policy of a non-racial and non-tribal society. At this same time there was the crisis of the Alice Lenshina’s Lumpa Church and the religious violence in Northern and Eastern Province just before independence in 1964. White minority Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) and the crisis of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI) happened on November 11 1965, the Portuguese colonialists in Angola and Mozambique were trying to destabilize Zambia. White apartheid South Africa was interested in destroying Zambia or any black newly independent countries in Southern Africa that did not support the apartheid racist regime at the time. Namibia was occupied by hostile South Africa. The South African National Congress (ANC) had just been banned. Nelson Mandela had just been sent to prison for life. There were some threats of violence within Zambia. If you do not believe this just read: “Night Without a President” by Sikota Wina.

Should this have been the time the new sovereign nation of Zambia should have been worrying about the Barotse Agreement? All the freedom fighters from all parts of Zambia were right to focus and spend all their energies on developing and uniting Zambians to be one Zambia and One Nation.

I will forever be grateful that I and millions of Zambians had a free education from Form I (grade 8) all the way to the University of Zambia up to my Ph. D. I lived in Zambia as a free child all my life. This was due to the people of Zambia under One Zambia and One Nation and the leadership of President Kaunda, UNIP, and all the freedom fighters including Harry Nkumbula, Simon Kapwepwe, and many other heroic men and women. Whatever the disagreements they had, in the end they did what was most important for the nation of Zambia: they kept the nation together and provided security. At that time, some or any of them could have rebelled, seceded with their local Chiefs or Kingdoms as some few advocates of the Barotse agreement are now saying, or joined colonial outsiders to fight the new fragile state of Zambia to kill fellow Africans.

What is causing this talk of secession and the Barotse Agreement of 1964? There might be genuine frustrations about problems of development of certain areas of the country. But I also suspect that many Zambians have no idea what it takes to build a nation. When many of us who are educated, have access to the computer, might live abroad, have enjoyed freedom most of our lives, we begin to be bored and take the peace for granted. Ordinary Zambians today at home, including many educated foreign scholars in Zambia and abroad, make the mistake of assuming the many political parties, open debate, and freedom of the press we have today should have been there or created in Zambia in 1964 or 1967. But that’s unrealistic, being intellectually, and historically dishonest.

I would urge my fellow educated Zambians or the elites who are furiously circulating the Barotse Agreement of 1964 document to really begin to document and write books about what really happened from 1964 to 1991; both the negative and especially the positive. It is very easy to create rosy web pages and post articles that may have exaggerated and incendiary claims about the intentions of our founders who are now close to 80 years and some of whom have already been called by the lord. The discussions and debate about the Barotse Agreement of 1964 should be done in an open democratic fashion probably through a commission of inquiry. But all peace loving Zambians from all corners, tribes, regions, ethnic groups, and those abroad should lock hands and arms together in unity as One Zambia and One Nation. Those few Zambians who advocate any type of violence, treason, and collude with outsiders to achieve narrow selfish ambitions and interests should be arrested and tried in the courts of law and punished. The peace and tranquility we enjoy as Zambians is too precious.

END of ARTICLE

ABOUT AUTHOR: Mwizenge S. Tembo obtained his B.A in Sociology and Psychology at University of Zambia in 1976, M.A , Ph. D. at Michigan State University in Sociology in 1987. He was a Lecturer and Research Fellow at the Institute of African Studies of the University of Zambia from 1977 to 1990. During this period he conducted extensive research and field work in rural Zambia particularly in the Eastern and Southern Provinces of the country. Dr. Mwizenge S. Tembo is Professor of Sociology who has taught at Bridgewater College in Virginia in the United States for twenty years.

Dr. Tembo has authored 4 books: Titbits for the Curious (1989), Legends of Africa (1996), The Bridge (Novel) (2005), Zambian Traditional Names (2006). He is spearheading the building of a Zambia Knowledge Bank Libraries: Nkhanga Branch Village Library in Lundazi District in his native country of Zambia in Southern Africa. He is a weekly columnist for the Daily Newsleader Newspaper of Staunton in Virginia. He is a frequent column contributor to the Daily News-Record of Harrisonburg in Virginia. He was also a frequent contributor to the Sunday Times of Zambia in the 1980s. He has published at least 100 newspaper columns. He is a freelance photographer who has sold many of his works. For more details: www.bridgewater.edu/~mtembo, www.bridgewater.edu/zanoba

Dr. Tembo has also published at least 15 scholarly articles, 21 book reviews, and 10 journalistic articles.

Labels: BAROTSELAND AGREEMENT, SECESSION

posted by MrK @ 8:00 PM